Sun, May 4, 2025
[ Sun, May 04th ] - The Globe and Mail
The article previously located on this page did n .. Mail's editorial standards and has been removed.
[ Sun, May 04th ] - Zawya
EVIQ and Lotus sign strategic partnership
[ Sun, May 04th ] - Impacts
Jing Li's Solo Show in Shanghai Explores Art and Automotive Design Collaborating with IM Motor
Sat, May 3, 2025
[ Sat, May 03rd ] - wjla
New Metro Station? Road upgrades? What would be needed for a new football stadium
[ Sat, May 03rd ] - WAVE3
Kentucky Transportation Cabinet seeking public feedback on construction project
[ Sat, May 03rd ] - Reuters
GM says Cadillac F1 project not affected by auto tariff hit
[ Sat, May 03rd ] - BBC
Island set for new electric car charging bays
Fri, May 2, 2025
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - WGME
Portland Raw News | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - ThePrint
UP launches WhatsApp chatbot for transport services, brings RTO functions to citizens' fingertips
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - NewsNation
Patience needed with looming auto tariffs, Trump backer says
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - PBS
PBS39 News Reports | SCHOOL BUSES | Season 2020
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - WCAX3
Massena man gets prison for transporting aliens, says U.S. Attorney's Office
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - WHTM
Dozens potentially laid off as West Shore SD selects new transportation provider
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - KUTV
Flight from St. George to Oregon crashes into waterbody during descent; five transported
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - inforum
Transportation, steelworkers and public safety: This week in the Minnesota Legislature
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - Impacts
Gl?d Technologies: Leading Autonomous Road-to-Rai .. n for Cleaner, Smarter and Safer Freight Mobility
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - WYFF
New details released after Greenville County deputy-involved shooting
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - KOIN
Oregon House Republicans propose $730M in transportation cuts, 'refocused' spending
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - WBRE
College students make cars for kids with disabilities
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - CNN
Costa Rica shipwrecks, long thought to be pirate .. ransporting enslaved people, scientists say | CNN
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - Patch
Large-Scale LI-Based Trafficking Operation Transported Fentanyl, Cocaine Across U.S.: Feds
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - BBC
New framework published for allocated housing in Guernsey
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - FleetOwner
Clean transportation adoption today: Renewable fuels up, ZEVs down
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - Forbes
Tariffs Slow New Car Buyers And Spark GM To Reduce Earnings Forecast
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - purewow
26 Truly Exceptional Airbnbs in Upstate New York
[ Fri, May 02nd ] - news4sanantonio
San Antonio Local | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
Thu, May 1, 2025
[ Thu, May 01st ] - FreightWaves
Trade war's toll mounts as transportation industry faces major layoffs
[ Thu, May 01st ] - TechRadar
I tried the latest update to NotebookLM and it's .. t of other people's articles, for better or worse
[ Thu, May 01st ] - MLive
School improvements, transportation and teacher salaries among mid-Michigan issues on May ballot
[ Thu, May 01st ] - ThePrint
Holy relics of Lord Buddha to be transported to Vietnam by special IAF aircraft for exposition
[ Thu, May 01st ] - BBC
Significant increase in Tube graffiti - Transport for London
[ Thu, May 01st ] - Oregonian
Oregon gas tax may rise less than projected after officials fixed key state transportation study
[ Thu, May 01st ] - CNBC
Tesla shares fall on report that company's board seeks new CEO to replace Elon Musk
[ Thu, May 01st ] - PBS
NJ Spotlight News | How Trump tariffs will hike NJ car prices | Season 2025
[ Thu, May 01st ] - TechCrunch
TechCrunch Mobility: Slate's 'transformer' EV truck breaks cover and Tesla's dueling realities
[ Thu, May 01st ] - KUTV
New state law to raise distance requirement for students to qualify for bus transportation
Wed, April 30, 2025
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - Reuters
Trump set to soften auto tariffs after industry pushback
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - ABC7
Who is the new 'Golden Bachelor?' Jesse Palmer reveals everything to know before the new season
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - Newsweek
'Hands Off!' Rally told new Trump impeachment bid is imminent
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - MSNBC
Trump names former Fox News personalities Mark Levin and Bo Dietl to DHS advisory board
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - news4sanantonio
Serving those who serve: USAA gifts recycled rides to military families in need
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - Impacts
The Smart Way to Get Around: Electric Scooters vs. Traditional Transport
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - BBC
Council to cut post-16 school SEND transport
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - Investopedia
Trump Softens Car Tariffs in Latest Reversal
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - NewsNation
Trump enticing automakers with tariff relief: Industry expert
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - Patch
3 New Modes Of Transportation Coming To Hoboken, But One Is Kind Of Trashy
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - rnz
Congestion from RiverLink project will push commuters to public transport, Metlink says
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - legit
Rising petrol prices to drive up transport and food costs, oil marketers warn
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - Oregonian
Oregon gas tax may rise less than projected after officials fixed key Oregon transportation study
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - WMUR
Grappone Automotive Group selling of some of its franchises, company says
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - ThePrint
Sindh-Punjab transport blocked for 11th day as protests against Indus canal projects escalate
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - PBS
VPM News Focal Point | Transportation | April 13, 2023 | Season 2 | Episode 7
[ Wed, Apr 30th ] - Newsd
Denodo Powers Seres' 'Data on Wheels' Accelerator to Transform Automotive Data Management
Tue, April 29, 2025
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - KXAN
Will Austin still get $105M federal grant for I-35 'cap'? New budget proposal paints grim picture
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - WLOX
Mississippi Department of Transportation holds conference to provide updates on road projects
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - WMUR
State donates engines for high school automotive repair programs
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - ABC
ABC News - Breaking News, Latest News and Videos
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - PBS
Why Trump softened some of his tariffs on the automotive industry
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - KING5
LeMay exhibit showcases 100 years of artful automotive luxury
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - MSNBC
Trump rolls back reporting rules for self-driving car crashes in gift to Musk
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - Patch
Thermal Incident Reported On Bus Transporting Elementary Students
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - NewsNation
House Republicans propose $200 electric vehicle registration fee
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - ThePrint
Indian-origin US Congressman introduces articles of impeachment against President Donald Trump
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - LancasterOnline
Soaring transportation costs and staff hirings play role in Penn Manor's budget balancing act
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - SlashGear
How Does Ryobi's New High Flow Automotive Pressure Washer Compare To Its Other Models? - SlashGear
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - Impacts
How Dispatch Tech Is Revolutionizing Auto Transport Logistics
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - WGME
Advocates call for improved transportation access across Maine
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - JEC
Sinopec and Syensqo sign strategic partnership framework agreement
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - WDRB
New law introduces speed cameras to improve work zone safety in Kentucky
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - Forbes
Hydrogen Meets Autonomy In Hyundai Motor And Plus Concept At ACT Expo
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - WHTM
rabbittransit offering new commuter vanpool service
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - FXStreet
USD edges firmer on the day - Scotiabank
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - WSMV
More than 400 workers to be laid off after automo .. ive seating manufacturer closes two TN facilities
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - KTVX
I-15 in Davis County scheduled to close this week, work underway on new interchange
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - Newsweek
Houthis issue new warning to vessels shipping US weapons to Israel
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - BBC
Council 'not told' about new bridge weight limit
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - AFP
No power, no phone, no transport -- Spain in a panic
[ Tue, Apr 29th ] - Reuters
Trump to reduce impact of auto tariffs, officials say
Mon, April 28, 2025
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - rnz
New Manawat? Tararua Highway to open in June, Transport Minister Chris Bishop confirms
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - AeroTime
RAAF deploys C-27J Spartan to transport 5,000L aviation fuel - AeroTime
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - Reuters
White House names McNeill acting head of Transportation Security Administration
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - WFTV
Florida Department of Transportation to hold job fair in Kissimmee
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - CNN
In unintended filing, feds say Trump administrati .. strategy to end New York toll is a losing battle
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - Variety
Fox News Hosts, Anchors Pay Virtual Visits Across U.S. in New 'For All America' Campaign
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - WHIO
'I need buses;' Residents concerned after city announces change to public transportation services
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - WGAL
Dispatch: 1 transported after car strikes house
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - TheNewsCenter
Two transported in rollover crash on Interstate 77
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - Impacts
Finding Reliable Vehicle-Shipping Services: The Current Landscape of Car Shipping
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - ThePrint
Punjab govt to introduce AI-based tech for driving tests
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - People
She Was Being Transported in an Ambulance for a M .. ssue. Police Say She Stabbed a Paramedic to Death
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - Patch
Fred Beans Presents Middle Bucks Institute With New Honda Minivan
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - SlashGear
Can A TV Be Transported Laying Down? This Is The Safest Way To Move It - SlashGear
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - WSMV
Over 400 workers to be laid off after automotive seating manufacturer closes two TN facilities
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - KTSM
High winds, blowing dust close roads in New Mexico
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - WPXI
Steelers reveal jersey numbers for new signings
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - Forbes
March Auto Sales Might Be A Last Hurrah Prior To New Tariffs
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - TechRadar
ChatGPT news just got a major upgrade from The Washington Post
[ Mon, Apr 28th ] - BBC
Transport for London redesigns priority seats for passengers
Sun, April 27, 2025
[ Sun, Apr 27th ] - Electrek
Tesla once again tells its own CEO Elon Musk to knock it off with the politics
[ Sun, Apr 27th ] - news4sanantonio
San Antonio Commercial Production | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
[ Sun, Apr 27th ] - WSMV
Over 400 workers to be laid off after automotive manufacturer closes two TN facilities
[ Sun, Apr 27th ] - KWQC
City of Monmouth receives project funding from the Illinois Department of Transportation
[ Sun, Apr 27th ] - ThePrint
Cheap stunt: Farooq Abdullah flays ex-R&AW chief Dulat for Article 370 abrogation claims in book
[ Sun, Apr 27th ] - Politico
Trump's tariffs cause chaos among automakers, suppliers
[ Sun, Apr 27th ] - Mandatory
Who Is Susan Noles New Boyfriend & What Is Their Relationship History?
[ Sun, Apr 27th ] - KIRO
WSDOT implements new I-5 speed cameras in Skagit County
[ Sun, Apr 27th ] - KUTV
One transported in critical condition following Salt Lake City auto-pedestrian crash
Sat, April 26, 2025
[ Sat, Apr 26th ] - Marketplace
The Trump administration wants more autonomous vehicles on the road. Americans aren't so sure.
[ Sat, Apr 26th ] - OPB
Drivers to pay more at the pump as Washington state advances major transportation funding
[ Sat, Apr 26th ] - Frontstretch
Automotive YouTube Sensation Cleetus McFarland Earns Top 10 at Talladega
[ Sat, Apr 26th ] - WSMV
Some Rutherford County students must find own transportation to school after board meeting
[ Sat, Apr 26th ] - legit
Presidential panel responds to alleged danger of converting to CNG-vehicle
[ Sat, Apr 26th ] - WGME
Teen accused of starting massive New Jersey wildfire by burning wood pallets
[ Sat, Apr 26th ] - motorbiscuit
Analyst: 25% tariffs could cause 'Cubanization' of American car ownership
[ Sat, Apr 26th ] - RepublicWorld
Passenger Vehicle Sales Poised for Historic Surge in FY26, Despite Slowing Growth: CRISIL
[ Sat, Apr 26th ] - WMUR
Tesla could benefit the most from new rules on reporting of self-driving car crashes
[ Sat, Apr 26th ] - ThePrint
Tribunal directs BEST to pay Rs 14,850 to Thane transport body for damage to bus due to collision
[ Sat, Apr 26th ] - MyNewsLA
LA Organizes `Fix-It Day' for Free Car Repairs to .. ose Temporarily Living in Vehicles - MyNewsLA.com
[ Sat, Apr 26th ] - Richmond
Veteran Receives Refurbished Vehicle
[ Sat, Apr 26th ] - PBS
NJ Spotlight News | Automotive leaders, environmentalists blast EV policies | Season 2024
Fri, April 25, 2025
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - Reuters
Trump to exempt carmakers from some US tariffs, FT says
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - FreightWaves
Universal Logistics blames falling demand for weak first quarter
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - koaa
Air Force Restores Articles About First Female Th .. ird Pilot After Removal Under Trump DEI Directive
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - WJHG
Transportation Impact fee vote delayed until July
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - AFP
Fabricated article about South Korean wildfires inflames anti-Chinese sentiment
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - WAVE3
KYTC warns public of new text message scam
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - TechCrunch
TechCrunch Mobility: Slate's 'transformer' EV tru .. cover and Tesla's dueling realities | TechCrunch
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - fingerlakes1
RTS unveils new $7.5M transportation center in Seneca County | Fingerlakes1.com
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - wjla
7News Helping Hands and Easterns Automotive Group surprise AFAC with $1,100!
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - WFTV
School district to welcome new transportation facility in Osceola County
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - JEC
Xpeng, futuristic leader of the Milan Design Week 2025
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - AZOM
DS Smith Partner With TPV Automotive to Create a .. ackaging for the Protection of Car Wheel Carriers
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - ThePrint
Maharashtra govt to set up Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - KKTV11
4 transported to the hospital following crash in Colorado Springs
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - ABC
New automaker Slate unveils a no-frills, stripped down electric truck for under $30K
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - WDRB
Police searching for inmate who disappeared while being transported to Louisville jail
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - NPR
Trail advocates say Trump administration puts active transportation projects at risk
[ Fri, Apr 25th ] - Impacts
Ship a Car Across the Country: Costs & Options
Thu, April 24, 2025
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - Newsweek
New Slate electric truck debuts with sub-$20k price tag (after rebates)
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - MarketWatch
U.S. to loosen rules on Tesla, other automakers to develop self-driving cars
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - WPXI
State Senator proposes combining public transportation agencies across multiple local counties
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - motorbiscuit
1 state doubled its EV fleet in two years
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - WAVY
Florida men arrested in Greensville County for transporting 20 kilos of cocaine
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - 13abc
ODOT approves $319.3 million for 14 major transportation projects
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - Reuters
US warns states they could lose transportation funding over immigration, DEI policies
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - rnz
Auckland Transport putting up parking prices from mid-April
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - Impacts
How Mold Transfer Services Slash Costs for Automotive Manufacturers
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - Forbes
Three Ways Auto Transport Leaders Can Navigate Threats
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - Snopes
Fact Check: US Air Force removed, then restored, article about first female Thunderbird pilot
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - ThePrint
BIMSTEC Summit: Nepal Foreign Affairs Minister, m .. sign Agreement on Maritime Transport Cooperation
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - BBC
Local elections 2025: What can a new mayor do for Peterborough?
[ Thu, Apr 24th ] - WJZY
East Charlotte community first to get new EV carshare program
Wed, April 23, 2025
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - WHIO
'A community problem;' Parents, district meet to discuss concerns with school transportation
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - WESH
1 transported to hospital after vehicle crash in Daytona Beach
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - WJBK
Dearborn schools roll out new electric buses for cleaner transportation
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - KTSM
High winds, travel advisory issued for Southern New Mexico
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - WSOC
Charlotte launches EV car-share program to boost access and sustainability
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - WGME
Portland Features | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - WGAL
Paraplegic man killed, teen transported to hospital after house fire
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - WBAY
Things to know for the 2025 NFL Draft: Admission, security, events, transportation
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - GEEKSPIN
10 Nostalgic Desserts That Instantly Transport Boomers Back to Childhood
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - KY3
Ozark Greenways has new leader, faces new challenges
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - gpfans
FIA announce NEW F1 engine supplier with big name shaking up grid
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - wacotrib
$8.6M Waco Drive project will bring new asphalt surface
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - ThePrint
HP govt to evolve mechanism to check misuse of transit passes for mineral transportation
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - abc7NY
6 members of the same family die in small plane crash in Upstate New York
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - Reuters
Trade war and safety concerns take centre stage at Shanghai auto show
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - Kiplinger
Bouncing Back: New Tunes for Millennials Trying to Make It
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - Newsweek
Lauren Boebert wants DOGE to cut new train line funding
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - CINEMABLEND
I'm Excited That Pacific Rim's TV Show Has A New .. Some Kaiju-Sized News That Has Me Even More Amped
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - Forbes
New SUVs And EVs Overshadow Truck Debuts At New York Auto Show
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - KITV
Busier West Oahu buses prompt a call for a transp .. rtation study, even after federal funds disappear
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - BBC
Fire-hit New Herrington club wanted for new housing
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - FreightWaves
Check Call: New legislation targets freight fraud
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - WMUR
Firefighters responded to fire in New London Friday night
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - WJAX
Jacksonville's Morning News - JU students say they were blindsided by cuts, layoffs
[ Wed, Apr 23rd ] - WGNO
Officials break ground on Grove Place II in New Orleans' Hollygrove neighborhood
Tue, April 22, 2025
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - FXStreet
US will aim for UK to lower its automotive tariff - WSJ
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - Reuters
US auto industry warns new auto parts tariffs will hike prices, cut sales
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - Shacknews
Tesla (TSLA) Q1 2025 automotive revenues declined 20% from a year ago
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - Forbes
Transportation Is A Climate Issue: Time For Cities To Act
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - 13abc
Access Ohio 2050 to host open houses, discuss long-range transportation plan
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - WFXT
2025 Earth Day: Transportation emissions fueling climate change in Massachusetts, data shows
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - WAFF
One transported to hospital after lightning causes house fire in New Market
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - ABC7
Mystery object falls from sky in New Jersey, damaging auto shop: 'A giant fireball'
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - ThePrint
Can't allow high courts to exercise power under Article 142: SC
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - NDTV
Can't Allow High Courts To Exercise Power Under Article 142: Supreme Court
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - BBC
New Channel Islands ferry service 'on track' for May launch
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - Impacts
Techbullion Spotlight: How Technology is Revolutionizing the Automobile Industry
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - Townhall
Newsom Says California Will Intervene If Trump Reverses This Biden-Era Policy
[ Tue, Apr 22nd ] - MyNewsLA
`Fix-It Day' Offers Free Car Repairs to Those Temporarily Living in Vehicles - MyNewsLA.com
Mon, April 21, 2025
[ Mon, Apr 21st ] - Oregonian
Trump's transportation officials express skeptici .. y used to slow speeders in Portland, other cities
[ Mon, Apr 21st ] - BBC
What can a new mayor do for Peterborough?
[ Mon, Apr 21st ] - TMJ4
Plan a Visit to This Cool Car Museum!
[ Mon, Apr 21st ] - wjla
7News I-Team probe sparks DC Dept. of Transportation ethics investigation
[ Mon, Apr 21st ] - WMUR
Snow, ice could cause problems on New Hampshire roads
[ Mon, Apr 21st ] - rnz
Media Council upholds complaint about in-game loot box ban article
[ Mon, Apr 21st ] - Zawya
Savvy Automotive in talks to acquire BluSmart UAE
[ Mon, Apr 21st ] - MassLive
Padres' Luis Arraez transported to hospital after scary collision

How Mold Transfer Services Slash Costs for Automotive Manufacturers


//automotive-transportation.news-articles.net/co .. es-slash-costs-for-automotive-manufacturers.html
Published in Automotive and Transportation on by Impacts   Print publication without navigation

In 2025, the automotive manufacturing sector continues to seek innovative ways to optimize costs and efficiency, particularly in the face of rising production demands and competitive pressures. Mold transfer services are revolutionizing how automotive manufacturers cut costs, speed up production, and maintain top notch quality. I've spent two decades in manufacturing, watching it transform […]

The article from TechBullion discusses how mold transfer services are revolutionizing cost efficiency for automotive manufacturers. It explains that mold transfer involves moving molds between different production facilities, which allows manufacturers to optimize production processes, reduce downtime, and lower costs associated with mold maintenance and storage. The article highlights that by utilizing mold transfer services, automotive companies can achieve significant savings, as these services help in reducing the need for multiple mold sets and decrease the time required for mold setup and changeover. Additionally, the piece notes that mold transfer services enhance flexibility in production, enabling manufacturers to respond more quickly to market demands and changes in production schedules, ultimately leading to improved operational efficiency and competitiveness in the automotive industry.

Read the Full Impacts Article at:
[ https://techbullion.com/how-mold-transfer-services-slash-costs-for-automotive-manufacturers/ ]

Publication Contributing Sources