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Cold Weather Impacts All Vehicles: What You Need to Know

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  Published in Automotive and Transportation on Thursday, January 22nd 2026 at 15:49 GMT by FOX 7 Austin KTBC
      Locale: UNITED STATES

The Impact of Cold Weather on Vehicles

Regardless of your vehicle's powertrain, extreme cold significantly impacts performance. Internal combustion engines struggle to start in low temperatures due to reduced battery efficiency and increased oil viscosity. Tires lose pressure, impacting handling and fuel economy. Fluids can freeze, causing damage to essential systems. For electric vehicles (EVs), the challenge is different, but equally significant. Battery range drastically decreases in cold weather as the chemical reactions within the battery slow down. Both types of vehicles require proactive preparation to mitigate these issues.

Winterizing Your Gas-Powered Vehicle: A Checklist

For drivers of traditional gas-powered cars, trucks, and SUVs, a thorough inspection and preparation are crucial. Here's a breakdown:

• Fluid Levels: This is paramount. Check engine oil, coolant (antifreeze), windshield washer fluid, and brake fluid. Ensure they're at the recommended levels. Crucially, switch to a winter-blend windshield washer fluid formulated to resist freezing. Standard summer fluid will freeze and potentially crack the reservoir.
• Battery Examination: Cold weather is a battery's worst enemy. Have a mechanic test your battery's health - its ability to hold a charge. A weak battery may fail completely in freezing temperatures, leaving you stranded. Consider replacing a battery that's nearing the end of its lifespan.
• Tire Pressure: As temperatures drop, air pressure decreases. Check your tire pressure regularly (at least weekly) and inflate to the manufacturer's recommended PSI (pounds per square inch), found on a sticker inside the driver's side doorjamb. Underinflated tires reduce fuel efficiency and compromise handling.
• Emergency Kit: A well-stocked emergency kit is non-negotiable. Include: blankets, flashlights with extra batteries, jumper cables, a first-aid kit, non-perishable snacks (energy bars, nuts), bottled water, a basic tool kit, and a brightly colored cloth to signal for help.

Electric Vehicle Winter Prep: Maximizing Range and Reliability

EV owners face unique challenges during cold weather, but with a little preparation, they can minimize range loss and ensure a reliable driving experience:

• Battery Pre-Conditioning: Most modern EVs have a pre-conditioning feature that warms the battery pack before driving. Utilize this! Warming the battery improves efficiency and maximizes available range. This can be scheduled through the vehicle's infotainment system or mobile app.
• Range Awareness: Be realistic about range expectations. Cold weather can reduce an EV's range by 20-40% or even more, depending on the severity of the cold and driving conditions. Plan your trips carefully, factoring in potential charging stops.
• Tire Pressure (EVs Too!): Just like gas vehicles, EV tires are affected by cold temperatures. Maintain proper tire pressure for optimal performance.
• Emergency Kit - EV Edition: An EV emergency kit should include all the items listed for gas vehicles plus a portable Level 1 or Level 2 charger compatible with your vehicle. While charging infrastructure is growing, relying solely on public charging stations during a widespread freeze isn't advisable. Ensure you know how to use the charger.

Proactive Measures & Safety When Stranded

Beyond vehicle-specific preparations, consider these general tips:

• Garage or Covered Parking: If possible, park your vehicle in a garage or under a carport to shield it from the elements.
• Avoid Prolonged Idling: Excessive idling wastes fuel (or battery energy) and isn't necessary with modern vehicles.
• If Stranded: Should you become stranded, the most important thing is to stay with your vehicle. Turn on your hazard lights, call for help (911 or roadside assistance), and conserve battery power by using electronics sparingly. Ensure the exhaust pipe is clear of snow to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning.

Preparing your vehicle now will drastically reduce the risk of getting stranded and contribute to a safer winter for everyone on the roads. Don't wait for the freeze to arrive - take action today.